When a new driveway, access road or car park is finished, most people naturally judge the work by what they can see. They look at whether the surface is smooth, whether the edges are neat and whether rainwater drains correctly. One of the most important aspects of the installation, however,…

Most people associate roads with one colour: black. Traditional asphalt gets its familiar dark appearance largely from bitumen, the binder used to hold the aggregate within the material together. As the surface ages and is exposed to traffic and weather, it can gradually become lighter and greyer. But travel through…

Most people look at a road and see tarmac. There is a kerb at either side, perhaps a drainage gully nearby, road markings on top and a dark surface carrying thousands of vehicles. It is easy to assume that the visible asphalt represents most of the road construction. In reality,…